The history of Klerksdorp is inextricably linked to the Second Anglo-Boer War (1899–1902), a conflict that introduced a devastating military strategy known as the "Scorched Earth" policy. While the town’s stock exchange represented the height of colonial ambition, the concentration camps established on its outskirts represented the nadir of human suffering in the region. Image: Wikipedia An Institutional Failure The Klerksdorp camps were not "refugee centers" in any voluntary